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AtricleZine - Cisco CCNA / CCNP Certification: OSPF ASBRs Explained And Illustrated
I was asked today by a group of students; What do you feel is the best way to build brand name and why? And what significance do you feel are relevant to a strong corporate identity?Well obviously this is a group of marketing students. And it almost sounded as if I was being tested on an essay question. My answer will differ from those you maybe use to hearing. That is fine, but I am right. They may also be right and it may not be a black and white issue in all markets, sectors or areas. Here is some of what I know in relation to building brand name.I would like to say a few words on this subject, which I feel of important. For instance the universal sign for a barbershop, the candy cane striped pole, for happiness the Belgium born happy face. But le
R2#ping 5.1.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
Keep this in mind when troubleshooting: It’s not enough to have a route to a destination for pings to succeed there’s got to be a path back. At this point, R5 doesn’t know where the 172.12.123.0 network is, so there’s no way the ping can get back. More route redistribution is necessary on R1.
Your first instinct may be to redistribute OSPF routes into RIP to make this work, but remember that the 172.12.123.0 /24 network isn’t known to R1 via OSPF it’s a directly connected network. We can redistribute connected networks into RIP to give R5 a route to 172.12.123.0 /24, which will give the ICMP packets a path back to R2, which will allow pings to succeed.
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#redistribute connected
R5#sho
Lesson 1If you really are in B2B then you will know all of your customers pretty well because they’ve been placing orders with you for a while and should continue placing orders with you for a good while longer. The reality is that many salespeople, for whatever reason, not only don’t like administrative tasks such as maintaining databases but also regard their customers as their customers, not the businesses.Action PointEnsure that your business keeps an up-to-date record of the most important decision makers and key influencers. If you must, give the database an unthreatening title, such as the Christmas Card List. Cost: ?nilLesson 2Just who are your most important customers? Are they the customers that spend the most with y
This CCNP tutorial shows an ASBR in operation, and also introduces you to a basic example of route redistribution. Don't worry, it gets more complicated. :)
Here's the network we'll be working with in this tutorial:
R5
|
R1
/
R2 R3
Networks:
R1 - R5 Ethernet Segment: 10.1.1.0 /24
R1 - R2 - R3 Serial Segment: 172.16.123.0 /24 (Preconfigured with OSPF)
R1 and R5 are running RIP over their common Ethernet segment, 10.1.1.0 /24. R5 has three loopbacks it will be advertising into the RIP domain.
R1 is also running OSPF, with R2 and R3 as neighbors. Even though R1 knows about the loopbacks on R5, its OSPF neighbors do not. R1 has these routes in its RIP routing table, and for OSPF neighbors to learn of these routes, route redistribution must be manually configured.
R5#conf t
R5(config)#router rip
R5(config-router)#version 2
R5(config-router)#no auto-summary
R5(config-router)#network 5.0.0.0
R5(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
R1#conf t
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
R1#show ip route rip
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
R 5.1.1.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.5, 00:00:10, Ethernet0
R 5.2.1.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.5, 00:00:10, Ethernet0
R 5.3.1.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.5, 00:00:10, Ethernet0
R1 has a route for all three of R5’s loopback interfaces, learned via RIP. R1 is also running OSPF, but its neighbors R2 and R3 don’t know about these RIP routes:
R2#show ip route ospf
R2# < no output from show command means no routes! >
R3#show ip route ospf
R3#
Be careful when configuring redistribution use IOS Help to make sure you’re not missing any vital options. IOS Help shows that there is a “subnets” option when redistributing RIP into OSPF. If that is left off, only classful networks are redistributed (as the router is kind enough to tell us). In this case, we have no classful networks, so there will be no redistribution. R2 will not see the RIP routes.
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip?
metric Metric for redistributed routes
metric-type OSPF/IS-IS exterior metric type for redistributed routes
route-map Route map reference
subnets Consider subnets for redistribution into OSPF
tag Set tag for routes redistributed into OSPF
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip
% Only classful networks will be redistributed
R2#show ip route ospf
R2#clear ip route *
R2#show ip route ospf
R2#
On R1, we’ll now use the “subnets” option, and the RIP subnets are successfully redistributed into OSPF.
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets
R2 now sees the redistributed routes.
R2#show ip route ospf
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O E2 5.1.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
O E2 5.2.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
O E2 5.3.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 10.1.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
Notice that the routes are marked as “E2”. The E indicates that these are external routes these are routes that were learned by OSPF via redistribution.
Naturally, you’ll want to ping these networks to make sure you have two-way communication. Even though the routes to these loopbacks are in the routing table, pings fail:
R2#ping 5.1.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
Keep this in mind when troubleshooting: It’s not enough to have a route to a destination for pings to succeed there’s got to be a path back. At this point, R5 doesn’t know where the 172.12.123.0 network is, so there’s no way the ping can get back. More route redistribution is necessary on R1.
Your first instinct may be to redistribute OSPF routes into RIP to make this work, but remember that the 172.12.123.0 /24 network isn’t known to R1 via OSPF it’s a directly connected network. We can redistribute connected networks into RIP to give R5 a route to 172.12.123.0 /24, which will give the ICMP packets a path back to R2, which will allow pings to succeed.
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#redistribute connected
R5#sho
The answer is YES! Radar detectors are completely legal to use in the UK and evidence taken from a MORI poll between radar detector users and non-radar detector users concluded that people who own them are less likely to have an accident.Radar Detectors have been designed to help you drive in the confines of today's ever changing speed limits. They are not a licence to speed. Always remember that speed limits have been set for the safety of all road users. However, drivers should be made aware of the speed limit before they commit an offence. Speed traps are often set up where the speed limit is decreased, i.e. from 60 - 40mph or from a 50 - 30mph zone. Driving in today's congested traffic conditions, concentrating on the traffic around you means that it i
R5#conf t
R5(config)#router rip
R5(config-router)#version 2
R5(config-router)#no auto-summary
R5(config-router)#network 5.0.0.0
R5(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
R1#conf t
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
R1#show ip route rip
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
R 5.1.1.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.5, 00:00:10, Ethernet0
R 5.2.1.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.5, 00:00:10, Ethernet0
R 5.3.1.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.5, 00:00:10, Ethernet0
R1 has a route for all three of R5’s loopback interfaces, learned via RIP. R1 is also running OSPF, but its neighbors R2 and R3 don’t know about these RIP routes:
R2#show ip route ospf
R2# < no output from show command means no routes! >
R3#show ip route ospf
R3#
Be careful when configuring redistribution use IOS Help to make sure you’re not missing any vital options. IOS Help shows that there is a “subnets” option when redistributing RIP into OSPF. If that is left off, only classful networks are redistributed (as the router is kind enough to tell us). In this case, we have no classful networks, so there will be no redistribution. R2 will not see the RIP routes.
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip?
metric Metric for redistributed routes
metric-type OSPF/IS-IS exterior metric type for redistributed routes
route-map Route map reference
subnets Consider subnets for redistribution into OSPF
tag Set tag for routes redistributed into OSPF
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip
% Only classful networks will be redistributed
R2#show ip route ospf
R2#clear ip route *
R2#show ip route ospf
R2#
On R1, we’ll now use the “subnets” option, and the RIP subnets are successfully redistributed into OSPF.
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets
R2 now sees the redistributed routes.
R2#show ip route ospf
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O E2 5.1.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
O E2 5.2.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
O E2 5.3.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 10.1.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
Notice that the routes are marked as “E2”. The E indicates that these are external routes these are routes that were learned by OSPF via redistribution.
Naturally, you’ll want to ping these networks to make sure you have two-way communication. Even though the routes to these loopbacks are in the routing table, pings fail:
R2#ping 5.1.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
Keep this in mind when troubleshooting: It’s not enough to have a route to a destination for pings to succeed there’s got to be a path back. At this point, R5 doesn’t know where the 172.12.123.0 network is, so there’s no way the ping can get back. More route redistribution is necessary on R1.
Your first instinct may be to redistribute OSPF routes into RIP to make this work, but remember that the 172.12.123.0 /24 network isn’t known to R1 via OSPF it’s a directly connected network. We can redistribute connected networks into RIP to give R5 a route to 172.12.123.0 /24, which will give the ICMP packets a path back to R2, which will allow pings to succeed.
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#redistribute connected
R5#sho
It is quite impossible you haven’t noticed that more businesses each day are offering an 0800 number for people to contact them. This is mainly because during a sale there is a normal need of communication and in 90% of cases this is done by phone. Also you have to consider that all people think of money and the prospect of asking for information without paying a dime is a very big plus to considering asking for information about what you are offering.0800 numbers are known as free phone numbers. The concept behind them is very simple: people call you and don’t pay. This means the bills for each call will be paid by you or your business. Now you will ask why pay if the other one is calling. The answer is very simple: because you can gain a lot more if he is
R2# < no output from show command means no routes! >
R3#show ip route ospf
R3#
Be careful when configuring redistribution use IOS Help to make sure you’re not missing any vital options. IOS Help shows that there is a “subnets” option when redistributing RIP into OSPF. If that is left off, only classful networks are redistributed (as the router is kind enough to tell us). In this case, we have no classful networks, so there will be no redistribution. R2 will not see the RIP routes.
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip?
metric Metric for redistributed routes
metric-type OSPF/IS-IS exterior metric type for redistributed routes
route-map Route map reference
subnets Consider subnets for redistribution into OSPF
tag Set tag for routes redistributed into OSPF
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip
% Only classful networks will be redistributed
R2#show ip route ospf
R2#clear ip route *
R2#show ip route ospf
R2#
On R1, we’ll now use the “subnets” option, and the RIP subnets are successfully redistributed into OSPF.
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets
R2 now sees the redistributed routes.
R2#show ip route ospf
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O E2 5.1.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
O E2 5.2.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
O E2 5.3.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 10.1.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
Notice that the routes are marked as “E2”. The E indicates that these are external routes these are routes that were learned by OSPF via redistribution.
Naturally, you’ll want to ping these networks to make sure you have two-way communication. Even though the routes to these loopbacks are in the routing table, pings fail:
R2#ping 5.1.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
Keep this in mind when troubleshooting: It’s not enough to have a route to a destination for pings to succeed there’s got to be a path back. At this point, R5 doesn’t know where the 172.12.123.0 network is, so there’s no way the ping can get back. More route redistribution is necessary on R1.
Your first instinct may be to redistribute OSPF routes into RIP to make this work, but remember that the 172.12.123.0 /24 network isn’t known to R1 via OSPF it’s a directly connected network. We can redistribute connected networks into RIP to give R5 a route to 172.12.123.0 /24, which will give the ICMP packets a path back to R2, which will allow pings to succeed.
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#redistribute connected
R5#sho
PPC stands for Pay Per Click and, as reported in Forbes magazine, accounts to 2 billion dollars a year. This has a good chance of increasing to about 8 billion dollars by 2008. PPC is one of four types of search engines and a very cost effective way of targeting internet advertising. If you want to know how PPC works and what the advantages are, read on.How does a PPC search engine work?A PPC search engine makes listings and ranks them based on how much a website owner is happy to pay for every potential click. Advertisers are in competition with each other to beat each other's ranking and move closer to the top of the search engine page. They use specific phrases or keywords. The advertiser who is willing to pay the most will have his site ranked nu
R2#show ip route ospf
R2#
On R1, we’ll now use the “subnets” option, and the RIP subnets are successfully redistributed into OSPF.
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets
R2 now sees the redistributed routes.
R2#show ip route ospf
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O E2 5.1.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
O E2 5.2.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
O E2 5.3.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 10.1.1.0 [110/20] via 172.12.123.1, 00:00:08, Serial0.123
Notice that the routes are marked as “E2”. The E indicates that these are external routes these are routes that were learned by OSPF via redistribution.
Naturally, you’ll want to ping these networks to make sure you have two-way communication. Even though the routes to these loopbacks are in the routing table, pings fail:
R2#ping 5.1.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
Keep this in mind when troubleshooting: It’s not enough to have a route to a destination for pings to succeed there’s got to be a path back. At this point, R5 doesn’t know where the 172.12.123.0 network is, so there’s no way the ping can get back. More route redistribution is necessary on R1.
Your first instinct may be to redistribute OSPF routes into RIP to make this work, but remember that the 172.12.123.0 /24 network isn’t known to R1 via OSPF it’s a directly connected network. We can redistribute connected networks into RIP to give R5 a route to 172.12.123.0 /24, which will give the ICMP packets a path back to R2, which will allow pings to succeed.
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#redistribute connected
R5#sho
Most publications today want an author's biography, called a bio, when they accept a writer's work. Readers love to learn a little bit about the person who wrote a story or poem they enjoyed reading. It is a way for the reader to feel close to the writer.Creating an author's bio your readers will love reading can be as trying as writing your story. You want to entertain with your bio and tell a bit about yourself as well.A bio is used to give the reader information about the author. A book publisher will want one to run on the back page of your novel. A magazine will want one to run with your story or poem. You should write a bio that is aimed at the item it will be published with so it is relevant.Though most editors will have their own guide
R2#ping 5.1.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
Keep this in mind when troubleshooting: It’s not enough to have a route to a destination for pings to succeed there’s got to be a path back. At this point, R5 doesn’t know where the 172.12.123.0 network is, so there’s no way the ping can get back. More route redistribution is necessary on R1.
Your first instinct may be to redistribute OSPF routes into RIP to make this work, but remember that the 172.12.123.0 /24 network isn’t known to R1 via OSPF it’s a directly connected network. We can redistribute connected networks into RIP to give R5 a route to 172.12.123.0 /24, which will give the ICMP packets a path back to R2, which will allow pings to succeed.
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#redistribute connected
R5#show ip route rip
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 1.1.1.1 [120/1] via 10.1.1.1, 00:00:02, Ethernet0
172.12.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 172.12.123.0 [120/1] via 10.1.1.1, 00:00:02, Ethernet0
R2#ping 5.1.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 5.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 68/69/76 ms
Performing this redistribution makes R1 an ASBR, as shown here with show ip ospf. This command even shows you what protocol(s) are being redistributed into OSPF.
R1#show ip ospf
Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 1.1.1.1
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
It is an autonomous system boundary router
Redistributing External Routes from,
rip, includes subnets in redistribution
Knowing exactly what the ASBR does and how to configure route redistribution are just a few of the many OSPF skills you'll need to earn your CCNP. Like any other Cisco skill, breaking a complex topic like OSPF down into smaller, manageable pieces is the best way to master these topics and pass the CCNP exams.
Keep watching The Bryant Advantage website for more free CCNA and CCNP tutorials!
To your success,
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